Door check and closer



May 24, 1932. E. BOMMER 1,859,763

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER Filed April 17. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l IHIII HUN INVENTOR EMZZBOIYUIZL T M ATTORNEY BYZ V May 24, 1932. r E. BYOMMER 1,859,763

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER Filed April 17, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 277721 [5077277267 BYQ/W M ATTORNEY Patented May 24, 1932 UNITED STATES Emir BoMME R, or BnooKLYN, NEW YORK noon CHECK AND [CLOSER Application filed April 1'7,

This invention relates to a door check and closer, more particularly to a doubleacting hinge and check for use in connection with doors which are intended to be opened in either direction from an initial position; and the invention has for its object and purpose the provision of an improved construction of this character for insertion in a recess or cut in the floor, and one which will embody certain desired features of simplicity, efficiency and convenience.

One object of the invention is the provision of a construction which will eliminate lea'lzage of the checkingliquid. To accomplish this object my invention comprehen'ds the provision of an organization of parts so constructed and arranged that the parts may be assembled for operation in a hollow one-piece casting furnished with openings for the introduction, assembly and adjustment of the parts, and with screw plugs for closing and sealing the openings.- In carrying out my invention in its preferred form of construe tion, the parts are so arranged that one of the plugs will carry a screw stem for reguiating the liquid compression from the outside of the casting. v

Another practical object of the invention is the provision of a construction having a through by-pass for the checking fluid, such bypass consisting of an intermediate bypass ch amber and two separate channels,-one through which thecheckingliquid must flow in order to reach the bypass chamber and another through which the checking liquid must flow from the by-pass chamber to the valve means for regulating the discharge of the checking liquid. Each of the channels has a port adapted to communicate with the 0 bypass chamber, and according to a'feature of my invention, the longitudinal dimension of the bypass chamber is equal or substantially equal to the length of the piston stroke less the diameter of one port. Under this arrangcment, a little before the door reaches its initial position, the ports will'be covered or approximately covered so that the complete closing of the door will have to be effec ed by the natural leakage from around the ports. As a result, the completion of the view through a door check and closer ema smaller scale, showing the relative posi- 1930. Serial No. 444,970.

closing movement of the door is slowly effected and the door will not be forced'over its initial center line.

Other objects and aspects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention resides in the improved door CllOCl-I- and closer and in the form, construction and relative arrangement of its several parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described andclaimed. l

The invention will be best understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, forming a material part of this application, and-in which Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional bodying my invention, this View also showing a fragmentary sectional view of the lower portion of a door;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on tions of the cylinder and bypass chamber when the door is in open or approximately open position;

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 represents another cross sectio taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. r

The preferred form of construction, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, comprises a case in the form of an elongated hollow casting 10 which, in accordance with the usual practice, is placed in a cut or cavity in the floor. The casting is produced with circular openings 11,12 13, 14 and 15; it being noted that the openings 11, 12, 13 and 1e are in the top wall 16 of the casting, while the opening 15 is provided in the front end thereof; The walls defining these openings are screw-threaded, and for closing and sealing these openings, I provide the respective screw plugs 11', 12. 13,.1l and 15. In conjunction with thescrew plugs suitable gaskets may of course be employed in the usual way in order to insure a liquid tight seal;

In the illustrative embodiment, the screw plug 11 constitutes a bearing for the vertical pintle 17 furnished at its lower end with an anti-friction device 18, capable of being mounted in a seat 19 produced for the purpose in the bottom wall 20 of the casting. The upper end of the pintle, exteriorly of the bearing 11, is fitted in a bar 21 which is suitably secured to the bottom edge of the door 22.

Within the casting, there is arranged an actuating yoke 23, having spaced arms 23 with longitudinally extending slots 23" In accordance with the usual practice in check and closer devices of this general character, the pintle 17 is passed through the slots 23" of the yoke arms 23 and united with the pintle is a cam 24 which works between the yoke arms 23 in a manner to contact with rear rollers 25, of which, in accordance with the usual practice, there are twoa right roller and a left roller. lVith the right and left rollers 25', mounted between the yoke arms 23, the cam 24 cooperates so as to hold the door open in either direction at the position desired from the initial or closed position. Secured to the cam 24 is a forwardly projecting guide cam 26 which cooperates with a front roller 27 so as to provide for the complete revolution of the pintle. Said front roller 27 is mounted between the yoke arms 23 as shown. Under this arrangement, the device of my invention can be utilized either with a right-hand door or a left-hand door; and the door, whether of the right-hand type or left-hand type, can be moved as far as the door casing will permit. 7

As clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the casting at :a suitable point forwardly of the position of the pintle is produced with a vertical wall or partition 28having a central circular bearing 29 in which cylinder 30, is fitted for reciprocatory movement. Said cylinder is made with ahead portion 31 and rearwardly of said head por ion it is secured to the yoke 23 by means of a coupling pin For the application of the coupling pin, the cylinder is provided with an opening 31 in alignment with a seat 31", while the yoke has a transverse opening 3; therein. These parts are so arranged and proportioned that, during assembly, after the cylinder has been so positioned that its opening 31. and 31 are in alignment with the yoke open'ng 32', the coupling pin 32 may be inhoduced through the opening 12 in the top wall 16 of the casting; it being manifest, of course, 1th in order thus to apply the coupling pi the pintle must be turned until the yoke is c 'n rearwardly sufiiciently to bring the open. 32" in alignment with the said opening 12 of the top wall 1'6, when the cylinder can also be moved rearwardly in its bearing and ad juste'd therein until its opening :31 and seat 31 are properly aligned with the opening 32 and opening 12 for the application of the coupling pin.

The cylinder sli dably embraces an annular head 33 provided on the rear portion of a stem-body or plunger 34. it its forward end the cylinder 30 has SCIGW-tlllCZlfi-Qt thcrcwith at 35 a sleeve 36 which slidably enibrmi'ers the stem-body, as shown. Said stem-body constitutes a stationary element and is cured in place to the screw plug 15' by nice of a suitable screw 37 which is threaded transversely through the center of the screw plug 15 and into the forward end of the stembody 34. With this construction. the rear end of the stem-body in conjunction with its head portion 33, forms an end chamber in con- 0O junction with the cylinder. Also, shown in Fig. 1, an annular chamber 39 formed around the stem-body, such annular chan'ibcr being defined by the stem-body itself. head portion 33, cylinder 30 and the rear end of the sleeve 36. The cylinder 30 has one or more openings 40 which provide communication between the annular chamber 39 and the main oil or liquid chamber 41. In the head portion 33 of the stem-body, suitable ball check valves as 42 are arranged, which valves open in the usual manner to permit the checking liquid to pass from the annular chamber 39 into the end chamber 38 during the "can ward movement of the cylinder 30 as the door is opened in either direction, and which, on the other hand, close under pressure to prevent the liquid from passing revcrsely, that is to say, from the end chamber 33 into th annular chamber 39 during the forward movement of the cylinder under closing ac tion of the door to initial position.

According to an important feature of my invention, the sleeve 36 is provided adjacent the stem-body w'th a by-pass chamber 43, and the stem-body is provided with two separate axial-by-pass channels 44 and 45. As will be observed in Fig. 1, the by-pass channel 44 leads from the end chamber 38 and has a port- 44 adapted to communicate with the l) Y-)2LSS chamber 43, while for the other channel 45 there is a port 45 which is adapted to communicate with the by-pass chamber 43, the last-named channel 45, at a point forwardly of the sleeve 36 having a lateral duct which communicates with the main chamber 41. According to a feature of this arrangement, the by-pass chamber 43, which surrounds the stem-body, has a longitudinal dimension substantally equal to the length of the cylinder stroke less the diameter of one port. that is to say, either of port 44' or of port 45. Un-

der this arrangement, under the rearward movement of the cylinder, resulting from the opening movement of the door, the two ports 44 and 45 are in communication with the bypass chamber 43, providing thereby a through by-pass from the end chamber 38 to the main chamber 41, such through by-pass obviously consisting of the channel 44, port 44, .by-pass chamber 43, port 45, channel 45 and duct 46. The checking liquid, therefore, is thus permitted to escape by a through bypass during the return movement of the cylinder until, just before the termination of the forward cylinder stroke, the by-pass chamber 43, which is equal to the length of the one port,

cylinder stroke less the. diameter 0 causes theledge 36 of the sleeve to cover the ports 44 and'45. Owing to this arrangement, the slight remaining distance which the cylinder must travel in order to reach the forward terminal of its stroke, in which position the door is on its center line,'must be effected by the natural leakage of. the checking liquid about the ports 44 and 45' at the points where they come in adjacency to the ledge 36. Through this arrangement, therefore, provision is made for rapid closing of the door up to a point relatively close to that in which the door occupies its initial position, but after the door has reachedthis point, its further closing movement is slowly effected, owing to the slow leakage about the ledge 36, with the result that the door will close to its initial. position and not pass beyond the center-line to the right, or to the left. A compression spring 47 is employed to effect the return movementof the cylinder and hence the closing movement of the door, said spring being mounted around the cylinder 30 and imprisoned between the forward end of the partition 28 and a stop d sk 48 which is screw-threaded upon the exterior of the sleeve 36. Manifestly, the tension of the spring 7 '47 may be regulated by adjusting the position of the stop disk 48 upon the sleeve; and in order to provide means whereby readily to effect the adjustment of the stop disk by means of a suitable tool through the opening 13-01 the casting top, a'series of radial openings 49, each receptive of a manipulating tool, is provided in the periphery of the stop disk 48. The sleeve 36 is adjustable'with respect to the cylinder 30 and for this purpose the periphery of the sleeve may be provided with suitable tool receiving openings as 50. Adjustment, therefore, of the 'sleeve'36 as well as of the stop disk 48, may be effected by a tool manipulated through the opening 13.

According to another important feature of my invention, the stem-body 34 forwardly of the sleeve 36 and where it contains the duct 46'is ofa reduced diameter and is surrounded by a ring 51, having a duct 52adapted to be put into register with the duct 46 as shown in Fig. 3. Now, the ring 51 is provided with a crank in the form of a'yoke havin spaced arms 53. An adjusting pin 54, which is screw-threaded at 55 in the screw plug 14, has a head 56 which is adapted to turn between the two crank arms 53 asclearly depicted in Fig. 3. By adjusting the pin 54, the ring can be turned upon the stem-body so as to adjust the position of the duct 52 with re spect to the duct 46. In this way, provisionis made for regulating the discharge of liquid into the interior of the case; and it will be observed in this connection that the pin 54 can be adjusted from the exterior of the casting.

liquid employed in the casting as the checking medium, can flow from the main chamber 41 into the rear chamber 57 through suitable apertures 58 provided for the purpose in the partition 28.

As best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the top 'wall i 16 of the casting is preferably formed With laterally projecting flanges 59 adapted to be placed in mortise cuts in the floor and adapted to receive therein securing means as 60 for the purpose of firmly fastening the casting to the floor.

- In assembling my improved check and closer, the screw plugs are of course first removed from the casting. The pintle 17 with the yoke 23 attached is inserted through the opening 11,'the anti-friction device fastened to the lower end of the pintle being operatively seated in the bearing 19 in the bottom wall 20. The coiled spring may then be inserted through the end opening 15, whereupon the cylinder 30, stem-body 34 and sleeve 36 may all be introduced through the opening 15', the cylinder being directed through thecoil of t e spring and intopositionto seat in the bearing 19 for adjustment therein to the position with respect to the yoke that will permit the application of the coupling pin 32. The stop disk 48 may then be applied and the spring properly tensioned. The valve ring 51 and adjusting pin 54 therefor may then be applied and manipulated to efiect the desired adjustment between the ducts 52 and 46. When the checking liquid has been introduced and the screw plugsproperly applied, there is no leakage of the checking liquid owing to the operation of the working parts. As hereinbefore intimated, both the sleeve 36 and the stop disk 48 may be adjusted at any time upon removing the screw plug 13, while the discharge of liquid into the interior of the case may be regulated at any time from the exterior of the casting owing to the arrangement of the regulating pin 54 in the screw plug 14. The device-of my present invention can be employed with equal facility for right-hand and leftrhand doors, and it provides simple, practical and efficient construction whereby to close the door from either direction to its initial position of rest without causing the door to pass beyond is center line, either to the right or to the left.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing fromthe spirit of'th invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifica- As illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the oil or U tionscas come within the scopezof the appended'claims. V

1 claim 1. A device ofzthe character described having,fiii.coinbination, a case, a stationary stem bod=y,.a,m0vable cylinder slidably embracing the stem bodyand forming a liquidchecking chambertherewith, asleeve movable with the cylinder and forming a by-pass chamber with the ,stem body, spring means normally :urgin-g the cylinder and sleeve to one terminal of movement, said stem body havingby-pass channelsytherein adapted to establish and disestablish communication with the by-pass chamber, one of said channels being in communication with the liquid checking chamher and the other being in communication with the interior of the case, and a regulatin'g valve for the channel that is in communication with :the interior of the case.

=2. A device of the character described having, in combination, a case, a stationary stem body, a movable cylinder slidably embracing the stem body and forming a liquid checking chamber therewith-said stem body having .a

bypass leading from the liquid checking chamber to the interior of the case, said bypass including two separate and unconnected channels and .a .port for each channel opening {through the circumference of the stem body, .a spring normally urging the cylinder toward one terminal of movement, and means connected with the cylinder for establishing and disestabl'ishing communication between said ports, said means being :arranged to disestablish communication :therebetween :as the cylinder is forced to-a position relatively close to its'terminal of movement.

3. A device of the character described having, in combination, a case, .a stationary stem body, a movable cylinder slidably embracing the stem body and forming a liquid checking chamber therewith, and an entrance :to the liquid checking chamber, said stem body having a .by-pass leading from the liquid checking-chamber and opening through a :port into the interior of the case, said by-pass including two separate and unconnected channels and a port for each channel opening through the circumference of the stem body, a spring normally urging the cylinder toward one term i-n al of movement, means movable with the cylinder for establishing and disestab-lishing connection between said circumferential ports, saids means being arranged to disestablish communication therebetween as the cylinder is forced to a position in proximity to its terminal of movement, a regulating valve for the port that opens into the interior of the case, and a bailcheck valve controlling the entrance to the liquid checking chamber.

4. In a device of the character described, consisting of a hollow case and a pintle operated cylinder therein, a stem body slidably embraced by the cylinder and forming thereweaves with-an end chambera-nd a by-pass chamber, two separate channelsinthestem-bodyadapted-respectively to provide communication between-the end chamber andthe by-pass'chamher and between the by-pass-chamber and the interior of the case, said :channels in conjunction with -the bypass chamber forming a through -by pass between the end chamber and interior of the case.

.5. In a device of the character described, consistingbf-a lhollowcase and a pintle operated cylinder therein, a stem body slidably embraced by thecyilinder and forming therewith an :end chamber, an annular chamber and a by-pa-ss chamber, two separate channels in the stem body, [one of which provides communication between the end chamber and {a port adapted .to communicate with the by-pass chamber and the-other of which pro videscommunication between the interior of the case, andra port adapted to c'ommunicate with the by-pass chamber said ports when in communication with the by-pass chamber providing in conjunction with the channels and by-pass chamber a through-by-pass between the end chamber :and the interior of the case, and a ledge between said by-pass chamber and annular chamber adapted to cover at-least one 'of said ports when the-cylinder is in one position. v

-6 In .a device of the character described, the combination with .a pintle operated c-y-linder, of a stem body sl-idabl-y embraced by the cylinder and [forming therewith a compression chamber and a by-pass chamber, two separate channels in the stem body, one leading from the compression chamber and the other leading-to a pointenteriorly of the cylinder, both of said channels having ports adapted (to open communication with the bypass chamber, :said b-y-pass chamber being of such length with respect to the extent of the cylinder stroke that said ports will be substantially closed when the cylinder is in one position.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination of a case, a stem body fixed therein and having an .inlet by-pass channel and an outlet by-passchannel, each channel having a lateral port intermediate the length of the stem body, a pin-tie actuated cylinder in the ease slidably embracing the .stcm .body and forming therewith an end chamber in communication with the inlet channel and also aby-pass chamber with which said ports are adapted concurrently to communicate, and a ledge adjoining the by-zpass chamber adapted substantially to cover the ports when the cylinder is in relatively close proximity to one terminal of movement.

8. In a device of the character described, the combination with a case and a pintle reciprocated cylinder therein, of a stem body fixed within the case and slidably embraced by said cylinder, the stem body forming an end chamber with the cylinder and having an inlet by-pass channel in communication with the end chamber and an outlet by-pass channel in communication with the interior of the case; a sleeve slidably embracing the stem body and attached to the cylinder and therewith movable, said sleeve, forming a bypass chamber with the stem body, and lateral ports for said inlet and outlet by-pass channels establishing communication with said by-pass chamber and adapted to be covered by said sleeve when the latter is in relatively close proximity to one terminal of movement.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name hereto.

EMIL BOMMER. 

